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ObjectiveTo explore difference in the mechanism of Shoutaiwan， a representative kidney-tonifying and abortion-preventing formula， and Juyuanjian， a typical spleen-invigorating and abortion-preventing formula in reversing the pathology of decidua of spontaneous abortion （SA） patients and to expound the connotation of "uterine collaterals connecting kidney" and "fetal collaterals connecting spleen" theory. MethodThe targets of SA were retrieved from GeneCards， followed by gene ontology-biological process （GO-BP） annotation. Based on Cytoscape and previous research， the main processes and core targets were screened out. High-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry （HPLC-MS） was used to identify the potential active components of Shoutaiwan and Juyuanjian and the regulatory networks were constructed. SA was induced in rats and the model rats were treated with Shoutaiwan and Juyuanjian at the same unit. Hematoxylin and eosin （HE） staining， transmission electron microscopy （TEM）， enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）， immunohistochemistry （IHC）， immunofluorescence （IF）， and other methods were employed to verify the mechanisms against miscarriage. ResultThe dysregulation of cell adhesion， inflammatory response， cell death， and angiogenesis was the core pathological process of SA. A total of 13 potential specific active components of Shoutaiwan and 14 active components of Juyuanjian were screened out. The regulatory networks showed that the potential active components of the two prescriptions modulated vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF）， interleukin （IL）-2， estrogen receptor （ESR）-1， matrix metalloproteinase-9 （MMP-9）， and other targets to regulate the pathological process of SA. The two can significantly improve the pregnancy rate and the integrity rate and blood supply of decidua cells， control the apoptosis morphology and the expression of estrogen （E2）， progesterone （P）， and its receptor， and down-regulate the expression of MMP-2， MMP-9， IL-2， and IL-6 in decidua tissue of SA rats. At the same time， they up-regulated the expression of anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma-2 （Bcl-2） and IL-4. Shoutaiwan significantly up-regulated the expression of VEGF， and Juyuanjian significantly down-regulated the expression of E-cadherin （E-Cad）. ConclusionBoth Shoutaiwan and Juyuanjian regulate the core pathological process of SA to prevent miscarriage. At the same unit， Shoutaiwan is overall superior to Juyuanjian. Shoutaiwan is better than Juyuanjian in regulating angiogenesis and Juyuanjian is superior to Shoutaiwan in regulating cell adhesion. This conclusion can partly explain the biological basis of "treating the same disease with different methods"， and provide objective data reference for the identification of quality marker （Q-marker） of anti-miscarriage Chinese medicine and further study of formula-syndrome metabolome.
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Purpose@#In this article, we aimed to investigate the influences of luteolin on inflammatory injury to cardiomyocytes induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). @*Materials and Methods@#H9c2 cells were pretreated with different concentrations of luteolin (10, 20, and 50 μM) for 12 h and then stimulated with 10 μg/mL LPS or no LPS for 6 h. Cell viability was detected by CCK-8 assay. Cell apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry. QRT-PCR and Western blotting were utilized to examine mRNA and protein levels. ELISA was used to determine the levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and IL-18 in cell supernatants among different groups of H9c2 cells. Immunofluorescence was applied to evaluate reactive oxygen species formation in H9c2 cells. M-mode images of echocardiography, the ejection fraction test, fractional shortening test, end-systolic volume test, and end-diastolic volume test of mouse heart function were obtained by ultrasonic electrocardiogram. @*Results@#Luteolin could alleviate inflammatory damage and inflammatory factor expression among LPS-induced H9c2 cells. Additionally, we found that luteolin decreased LPS-stimulated inflammatory damage in H9c2 cells by down-regulating NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (Nlrp3). Luteolin also improved myocardial function in mice treated with LPS and reduced myocardial relaxation. Luteolin reversed myocardial histological abnormalities in mice and reduced inflammation and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Additionally, luteolin inhibited oxidative stress-mediated myocardial and systemic tissue damage in mice. Finally, luteolin reduced LPS-induced inflammatory damage in mouse cardiomyocytes by down-regulating Nlrp3. @*Conclusion@#We found that luteolin could reduce inflammatory damage to cardiomyocytes induced by LPS by down-regulating Nlrp3.
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Objective:To investigate the application value of hybrid approach in laparoscopic radical resection of left hemicolon cancer.Methods:The retrospective and descriptive study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 96 patients with left hemicolon cancer who were admitted to Henan Provincial People′s Hospital between January 2015 and March 2018 were collected. There were 52 males and 44 females, aged from 29 to 75 years, with an average age of 61 years. Patients underwent laparoscopic radical resection of left hemicolon cancer. Observation indicators: (1) surgical situations and postoperative recovery; (2) postoperative pathological examination; (3) postoperative chemotherapy; (4) follow-up. Follow-up using outpatient examination and telephone interview was performed to detect postoperative survival, tumor recurrence and metastasis of patients up to October 2019. Measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M (range), and count data were described as absolute numbers. Results:(1) Surgical situations and postoperative recovery: all the 96 patients underwent laparoscopic radical resection of left hemicolon cancer with hybrid approach. Of 96 patients, 5 underwent laparoscopic multiple organ resection including 2 combined with splenectomy, 2 combined with gastric wall wedge resection, 1 combined with splenectomy and distal pancreatectomy; 7 underwent hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery including 5 undergoing multiple organ resection due to tumor invasion, 2 combined with terminal ileostomy due to poor exposure caused by severe obstruction in proximal intestinal canal; 84 underwent laparoscopic-assisted surgery. There was no intraoperative conversion to laparotomy. Of 96 patients, 3 received posterior ileum anastomosis, 2 received rotating ascending colon anastomosis, 91 received in situ anastomosis. Operation time, volume of intraoperative blood loss, and time to first flatus were 140 minutes (range, 70-250 minutes), 50 mL (range, 30-140 mL), 2 days (range, 1-4 days), respectively. Of 96 patients, 5 had postoperative incision infection, 5 had pulmonary infection, 3 had adhesive intestinal obstruction, 1 had anastomotic leakage, and they were cured after conservative treatment. Duration of postoperative hospital stay of the 96 patients was 8 days(range, 5-27 days). (2) Postoperative pathological examination: of the 96 patients, the number of lymph nodes dissected and length of surgical specimen were 19 (range, 13-25) and 35 cm (range, 25-50 cm). All the 96 patients had negative surgical margin. Pathological T staging of 96 patients: 5 patients were in pT1 stage, 46 in pT2 stage, 37 in pT3 stage, 8 in pT4 stage. Pathological N staging of 96 patients: 32 patients were in pN0 stage, 47 in pN1 stage, 17 in pN2 stage. Pathological types of 96 patients: 7 patients had mucinous adenocarcinoma, 16 had poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, 46 had moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma, and 27 had well differentiated adenocarcinoma. (3) Postoperative chemotherapy: 68 of the 96 patients underwent standard chemotherapy of XELOX regimen, and 28 had no chemotherapy. (4) Follw-up: 86 patients were followed up for 19-58 months, with a median time of 11 months. During the follow-up, all the 86 patients survived, of which 82 had no tumor recurrence, 3 survived with tumor after detection of liver metastasis, and 1 survived with tumor after detection of liver and pulmonary metastasis.Conclusion:The hybrid approach is safe and feasible in the laparoscopic radical resection of left hemicolon cancer.
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Rho-associated kinases (ROCKs) are serine-threonine protein kinases that act downstream of small Rho GTPases to regulate the dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton. Two ROCK isoforms (ROCK1 and ROCK2) are expressed in the mammalian central nervous system. Although ROCK activity has been implicated in synapse formation, whether the distinct ROCK isoforms have different roles in synapse formation and function in vivo is not clear. Here, we used a genetic approach to address this long-standing question. Both Rock1 and Rock2 mice had impaired glutamatergic transmission, reduced spine density, and fewer excitatory synapses in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons. In addition, both Rock1 and Rock2 mice showed deficits in long-term potentiation at hippocampal CA1 synapses and were impaired in spatial learning and memory based on the water maze and contextual fear conditioning tests. However, the spine morphology of CA1 pyramidal neurons was altered only in Rock2 but not Rock1 mice. In this study we compared the roles of ROCK1 and ROCK2 in synapse formation and function in vivo for the first time. Our results provide a better understanding of the functions of distinct ROCK isoforms in synapse formation and function.
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Objective@#To explore the relationship between selenium and the risk for oral cancer.@*Methods@#We performed a case-control study in 325 cases of newly diagnosed primary oral cancer from the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University and 650 controls from the same hospital and community. Unconditional logistic regression and stratification analyses were used to explore the association between selenium and oral cancer. Adjusted OR and corresponding 95%CI were calculated. The analyses on multiple interactions between selenium and smoking or drinking status, and fruit or fish intake frequencies were conducted.@*Results@#The level of serum selenium was 112.42 (80.98-145.06) μg/L in the case group, which was lower than 164.85 (144.44-188.53) μg/L in control group, the difference was statistical significant (P<0.01). There was a negative correlation between serum selenium level and the risk for oral cancer regardless of smoking and drinking status, and fruits and fish intake frequencies (P<0.05). There were multiple interactions between serum selenium level and smoking or drinking status, and fruit and fish intakes.@*Conclusions@#The high level of serum selenium is a protective factor for the incidence of oral cancer, and serum selenium has multiple interactions with smoking or drinking status, and fruit and fish intakes. Therefore, reducing tobacco use and alcohol consumption and increasing the intakes of fruit and fish can reduce the risk for oral cancer to some extent.
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Objective@#To explore the association of TBX5 polymorphisms and environmental exposure index with susceptibility to oral cancer.@*Methods@#A case-control study was conducted to collect 300 oral cancer patients hospitalized in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University from September 2010 to December 2016. A total of 445 non-tumor patients were selected as the control group. Questionnaires were used to collect the information of all subjects and 5 ml peripheral blood was collected to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the rs10492336 locus of TBX5 gene. According to the environmental exposure index score, subjects were divided into two groups, low risk group (0-2.31) and high risk group (2.32-11.76). To analyze the association of TBX5 gene rs10492336 SNPs, environmental exposure index and oral cancer and its interactions.@*Results@#The age of all subjects in the case group and control group were (56.19±13.10) years and (54.56±12.48) years old. Compared with CC genotype, the OR (95%CI) values of the co-dominant genetic model AC genotype and the dominant genetic model AC+AA genotype were 0.69 (0.49-0.98) and 0.70 (0.51-0.97), respectively. Compared with the low risk group, the OR (95%CI) risk of oral cancer in the high risk group was 3.72 (2.55-5.43). The results of gene-environment interaction analysis showed that compared with the group with CC genotype and high risk of environmental exposure index, the OR (95%CI) value of oral cancer in the group with AC+AA genotype and low risk of environmental exposure index was 0.18(0.10-0.31). Furthermore there was a multiplicative interaction between rs10492336 SNPs and environmental exposure index (β=-0.405, P<0.001).@*Conclusion@#This study suggests that the TBX5 gene rs10492336 SNPs and environmental exposure index were associated with oral cancer. And there was a multiplication interaction between rs10492336 SNPs and environmental exposure index.
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Objective@#To investigate the clinical value of ranibizumab combined with fundus laser in the treatment of macular edema secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion(RVO).@*Methods@#From June 2016 to June 2017, 98 patients with RVO secondary macular edema in the People's Hospital of Linfen were randomly divided into three groups according to the digital table: A group (30 cases) treated with simple fundus laser, B group (33 cases) treated with intravitreal injection of ranibizumab, C group(35 cases) treated with fundus laser combined with intravitreal injection of ranibizumab.The best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), macular fovea thickness(CMT), leakage rate, injection times and complications were compared among the three groups before and after treatment.@*Results@#At 3, 6, 9, 12 months after treatment, the BCVA among A group, B group and C group had statistically significant differences (F=4.165, 5.021, 6.954, all P<0.05), and the BCVA of C group was better than that of B group, the BCVA of B group was better than that of A group (t=3.985, 3.852, 3.779, 4.021, 3.624, 3.729, all P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in CMT among A group, B group and C group at 3 months and 6 months after treatment (F=6.772, 14.025, all P<0.05), and the CMT of C group was less than that of B group, the CMT of B group was less than that of A group (t=5.325, 11.251, 3.992, 6.895, all P<0.05). At 6 months after treatment, the leakage rate in C group (2.86%) was lower than that in B group (18.18%), the leakage rate in B group was lower than that in A group (23.33%) (χ2=6.148, P<0.05). The injection times of ranibizumab in B group was (2.93±1.52), which was significantly less than that in C group (2.00±0.56)(t=3.349, P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#The short-term clinical effect of ranibizumab combined with fundus laser in the treatment of macular edema secondary to RVO is better than laser therapy and ranibizumab alone, and the injection times of ranibizumab can be reduced.
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Objective To investigate the clinical value of ranibizumab combined with fundus laser in the treatment of macular edema secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion (RVO).Methods From June 2016 to June 2017,98 patients with RVO secondary macular edema in the People's Hospital of Linfen were randomly divided into three groups according to the digital table:A group (30 cases) treated with simple fundus laser,B group (33 cases) treated with intravitreal injection of ranibizumab,C group(35 cases) treated with fundus laser combined with intravitreal injection of ranibizumab.The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA),macular fovea thickness (CMT),leakage rate,injection times and complications were compared among the three groups before and after treatment.Results At 3,6,9,12 months after treatment,the BCVA among A group,B group and C group had statistically significant differences (F=4.165,5.021,6.954,all P ＜0.05),and the BCVA of C group was better than that of B group,the BCVA of B group was better than that of A group (t =3.985,3.852,3.779,4.021,3.624,3.729,all P ＜0.05).There were statistically significant differences in CMT among A group,B group and C group at 3 months and 6 months after treatment (F =6.772,14.025,all P ＜ 0.05),and the CMT of C group was less than that of B group,the CMT of B group was less than that of A group (t =5.325,11.251,3.992,6.895,all P ＜ 0.05).At 6 months after treatment,the leakage rate in C group (2.86％) was lower than that in B group (18.18％),the leakage rate in B group was lower than that in A group (23.33％) (x2 =6.148,P ＜ 0.05).The injection times of ranibizumab in B group was (2.93 ± 1.52),which was significantly less than that in C group (2.00 ± 0.56) (t =3.349,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The short-term clinical effect of ranibizumab combined with fundus laser in the treatment of macular edema secondary to RVO is better than laser therapy and ranibizumab alone,and the injection times of ranibizumab can be reduced.
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Objective To explore the survival factors and construct a prognostic index (PI) for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).Methods From January 2004 to June 2016,a total of 634 patients with pathologically confirmed OSCC were recruited in a hospital of Fujian.The clinical and follow-up data of all the patients with pathologically confirmed OSCC were collected to identify the factors influencing the prognosis of OSCC.All the patients were randomly divided into two groups:modeling group (modeling dataset,n =318) and validation group (validation dataset,n =316).Randomization was carried out by using computer-generated random numbers.In the modeling dataset,survival rates were calculated using Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the log-rank test.Cox regression model was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HRs) and 95％ confidence intervals (CIs) of prognosis factors.An PI for OSCC patients prognostic prediction model was developed based onβ value of each significant variable obtained from the multivariate Cox regression model.Using the tertile analysis,patients were divided into high-risk group,moderate-risk group,and low-risk group according to the PI,the Akaike information criterion (AIC) and Harrell's c-statistic (C index) were used to evaluated the model's predictability.Results Results from the multivariate Cox regression model indicated that aged ≥55 years (HR=2.22,95％ CI:1.45-3.39),poor oral hygiene (HR=2.12,95％ CI:1.27-3.54),first diagnosis of lymph node metastasis (HR=5.78,95％CI:3.60-9.27),TNM stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ (stage Ⅰ as reference) (HR=2.43,95％CI:1.10-5.37) and poor differentiation (well differentiation as reference) (HR=2.53,95％CI:1.60-4.01) were the risk factors influencing the prognosis of OSCC.The PI model had a high predictability in modeling group and validation group (AIC and C index were 1 205.80,0.700 2 and 1 150.47,0.737 3).Conclusion Age,poor oral hygiene,first diagnosis of lymph node metastasis,TNM stage and histological grade were factors associated with the prognosis of OSCC,and the PI model has a certain significance in the clinical treatment of OSCC.
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Objective@#To investigate the effect and related mechanism of apolipoprotein A5 (ApoA5) on adipogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSC).@*Methods@#Subcutaneous adipose tissue was obtained from 40 patients undergoing abdominal surgery at our hospital from February to July 2015. After induction of human AMSC by collagenase digestion, the adipose tissue was induced to differentiate into mature adipocytes and treated with ApoA5 at 600 and 1 200 ng/ml, respectively (ApoA5 intervention groups). Cells treated without ApoA5 protein were used as control group. The cells were harvested on the 7th and 14th day of differentiation, and the following assays were performed: (1) the effect of ApoA5 on TG content was measured by a TG assay kit; (2) RT-qPCR assay was used to detect the effect of ApoA5 on aP2 and FAS mRNA expression; (3) the effect of ApoA5 on the expression of CIDEC mRNA and protein was detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot; (4) the effect of ApoA5 on the expression of C/EBPβ mRNA and protein was detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot; (5) using lentiviral transfection technique, we overexpressed the gene of CIDEC in AMSC and cells were divided into lentiviral negative control group, lentiviral over-expressed CIDEC group and lentiviral over-expressed CIDEC+ApoA5 intervention group (the ApoA5 intervention concentration was 1 200 ng/ml). Thereby, we examined the effect of ApoA5 on the above indicators in adipogenic differentiation of AMSC in the case of CIDEC overexpression.@*Results@#(1) Effect of ApoA5 on TG content in AMSC: on the 7th and 14th day after the intervention, the TG levels were lower in ApoA5 600 and 1 200 ng/ml group AMSC than those in the control group (all P<0.05). (2) The effect of ApoA5 on the expression of aP2 and FAS mRNA in AMSC: on the 7th day after intervention, the expression levels of aP2 and FAS mRNA were significantly lower in ApoA5 600 and 1 200 ng/ml group than those in the control group (all P<0.05). On the 14th day after intervention, the expression levels of aP2 and FAS mRNA were lower in ApoA5 600 and 1 200 ng/ml group than those in the control group (all P<0.05). (3) The effect of ApoA5 on the mRNA and protein expression of CIDEC in AMSC: on the 7th day after intervention, the mRNA and relative protein expression levels of CIDEC were significantly lower in AMSC of ApoA5 600 and 1 200 ng/ml group than those of the control group (all P<0.05). On the 14th day after intervention, the mRNA and relative protein levels of CIDEC were further reduced in ApoA5 600 and 1 200 ng/ml AMSC groups than those in the control group (all P<0.05). (4) The effect of ApoA5 on C/EBPβ mRNA and protein expression in AMSC: on the 7th day after intervention, C/EBPβ mRNA and relative protein expression levels were significantly lower in ApoA5 600 and 1 200 ng/ml group than those in the control group (all P<0.05). On the 14th day after intervention, the levels of C/EBPβ mRNA and relative protein were lower in ApoA5 600 and 1 200 ng/ml group than those in the control group (all P<0.05). (5) The effect of ApoA5 on the content of TG in AMSC after CIDEC overexpression: on the 7th and 14th day after intervention, the TG contents in AMSC were higher in the lentivirus over-expressed CIDEC group than in the lentivirus negative control group (both P<0.05). However, TG contents in AMSC were similar between the over-expressed CIDEC group and the CIDEC+ApoA5 over-expression group (both P>0.05). (6) The effect of ApoA5 on the expression of aP2 and FAS mRNA in AMSC after CIDEC overexpression: on the 7th day after intervention, the expression levels of aP2 and FAS mRNA in AMSC were higher in the lentivirus over-expressed CIDEC group than in the lentivirus negative control group (both P<0.05). On the 14th day after intervention, the expression level of aP2 mRNA in the AMSC was higher in the lentivirus over-expressed CIDEC group than in the lentivirus negative control group (P<0.05). On the 7th and 14th day after intervention, the expression levels of aP2 and FAS mRNA in AMSC were similar between the lentivirus over-expressed CIDEC group and the lentivirus over-expressed CIDEC+ApoA5 group (all P>0.05). (7) The effect of ApoA5 on the expression of C/EBPβ mRNA and protein in AMSC after CIDEC overexpression: on the 7th day after intervention, the mRNA and relative protein expressions of C/EBPβ in AMSC were higher in lentivirus-overexpressed CIDEC group than in lentivirus negative control group (both P <0.05). On the 14th day after intervention, C/EBPβ mRNA and protein expression levels in AMSC were higher in the lentivirus over-expressed CIDEC group than in the lentivirus negative control group (both P<0.05). On the 7th and 14th day after intervention, the expressions of C/EBPβ mRNA and protein in AMSC were similar between lentivirus over-expressed CIDEC group and lentivirus over-expression CIDEC+ApoA5 intervention group (all P>0.05).@*Conclusions@#ApoA5 can inhibit the adipogenic differentiation of AMSC,and this effect may be mediated by down-regulating the expression of CIDEC. Furthermore, our results indicate that CIDEC could be considered as a key factor in adipogenic differentiation.
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Objective To investigate the effect of Andrographis paniculata Nees(APN)extract on Coxsackievirus A16(CVA16)in vitro.Methods African green monkey kidney-derived Vero cells(Vero cells)were treated with APN extract at the concentration of 500.0,250.0,125.0,60.0,30.0,15.0,7.5 and 3.8 μg/mL,the cytotoxicity was determined with cell counting Kit-8 and the IC50was calculated by Probit unit regression method.Direct inactivating activity on CVA16,blocking of CVA16 adsorbing Vero cells and inhibition of CVA16 replication in Vero cells were determined and compared between Ribavirin(RBV) and APN extract with CVA16-infected Vero cells.SPSS 24.0 software was used to analyze the data.Results The selected concentrations of APN extract and RBV for experiment were 15.0, 7.5 and 3.8 μg/mL according to cytotoxicity test.Both of APN extract and RBV had neither direct inactivation on CVA 16 nor blocking of CVA16 adsorbing at the concentration of 15.0,7.5 and 3.8 μg/mL(F=1.54,1.52 and 0.67, 1.68,all P>0.05).However,both drugs had the capability of inhibiting CVA 16 replication in Vero cells at the concentration of 15.0 and 7.5 μg/mL(t=6.87,11.76 and 7.71,12.84,all P<0.05).Conclusion Experimental result shows that APN extract can effectively inhibit CVA 16 replication in Vero cells in vitro.
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Objective To explore the survival factors and construct a prognostic index (PI) for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).Methods From January 2004 to June 2016,a total of 634 patients with pathologically confirmed OSCC were recruited in a hospital of Fujian.The clinical and follow-up data of all the patients with pathologically confirmed OSCC were collected to identify the factors influencing the prognosis of OSCC.All the patients were randomly divided into two groups:modeling group (modeling dataset,n =318) and validation group (validation dataset,n =316).Randomization was carried out by using computer-generated random numbers.In the modeling dataset,survival rates were calculated using Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the log-rank test.Cox regression model was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HRs) and 95％ confidence intervals (CIs) of prognosis factors.An PI for OSCC patients prognostic prediction model was developed based onβ value of each significant variable obtained from the multivariate Cox regression model.Using the tertile analysis,patients were divided into high-risk group,moderate-risk group,and low-risk group according to the PI,the Akaike information criterion (AIC) and Harrell's c-statistic (C index) were used to evaluated the model's predictability.Results Results from the multivariate Cox regression model indicated that aged ≥55 years (HR=2.22,95％ CI:1.45-3.39),poor oral hygiene (HR=2.12,95％ CI:1.27-3.54),first diagnosis of lymph node metastasis (HR=5.78,95％CI:3.60-9.27),TNM stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ (stage Ⅰ as reference) (HR=2.43,95％CI:1.10-5.37) and poor differentiation (well differentiation as reference) (HR=2.53,95％CI:1.60-4.01) were the risk factors influencing the prognosis of OSCC.The PI model had a high predictability in modeling group and validation group (AIC and C index were 1 205.80,0.700 2 and 1 150.47,0.737 3).Conclusion Age,poor oral hygiene,first diagnosis of lymph node metastasis,TNM stage and histological grade were factors associated with the prognosis of OSCC,and the PI model has a certain significance in the clinical treatment of OSCC.
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Objective To systematically evaluate the effects of respiratory muscle training by using respiratory muscle training device on rehabilitation of people undergoing cardiothoracic and abdominal surgery. Methods The relevant randomized controlled trials were searched in the databases of the CINAHL, Medline, PubMed, EBSCO, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data, VIP. The quality of studies was critically appraised and data were extracted by two reviewers independently, a meta-analysis was conducted for the included studies. Results Finally 12 randomized controlled trial involving 1060 patients were included. Meta-analysis showed that respiratory muscle training device could improve respiratory muscle strength [SMD =0.70, 95%CI (0.15-1.24)]; improved lung function [forced vital capacity:SMD=0.48, 95%CI (0.10-0.87);inspiratory capacity:SMD=0.55, 95%CI (0.07-1.04)]; improve; effectively reduced postoperative pulmonary complications [OR=0.21, 95%CI:(0.15-0.31)]; shorten the length of hospital stays [SMD=-0.52, 95%CI (-0.87--0.16)], all P< 0.05. Conclusions The application of respiratory muscle training with respiratory muscle device could promote the rehabilitation of patients undergoing cardiothoracic and abdominal surgery.
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Objective@#To investigate the effects between fish, seafood and pickled food intakes on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).@*Methods@#A case-control study was carried out in Fujian area during September 2010 to December 2016, in which 604 newly diagnosed primary OSCC cases confirmed by pathological diagnosis were collected from hospital and 1 343 control subjects were enrolled from community and healthy hospital population. Demographic data, history of smoking drinking and tea drinking, oral hygiene status and dietary behaviors (fish, seafood and pickled food intakes) were collected by in-person interviews using a standard questionnaire.Using unconditional logistic regression to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to assess the effects of fish, seafood and pickled food intakes on OSCC. Analysis stratified by smoking, alcohol drinking and bad prosthesis to explore the possible difference in association between subgroups. Multiplicative interactions and additive interactions between fish and bad prosthesis, seafood and alcohol drinking, pickled food and bad prosthesis were assessed by unconditional logistic regression, relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI), attributable proportion due to interaction (AP) and synergy index (S).@*Results@#The average age of case group and control group were separately (58.69±13.92) years old and (59.27±11.37) years old (χ2=4.75, P=0.191). The people whose fish and seafood intakes ≥3 times/week had the lower risk of OSCC, the adjusted OR (95%CI) values were 0.63 (0.52-0.77) and 0.51 (0.41-0.64); The stratified analysis indicated that the people having bad prosthesis had the lower risk of OSCC if they eating fish ≥3 times/week, and the adjusted OR (95%CI) values was 0.53 (0.39-0.71); the people having bad prosthesis had the higher risk of OSCC if they eating pickled food ≥3 times/week, the adjusted OR (95%CI) values was 1.37 (1.02-1.88). Regularly eating seafood can decrease the risk of OSCC for non-smokers, smokers, non-drinkers, drinkers, people without bad prosthesis and had bad prosthesis, the adjusted OR (95%CI) values were 0.49 (0.36-0.68), 0.52 (0.37-0.73), 0.41 (0.31-0.55), 0.77 (0.51-0.96), 0.49 (0.36-0.67), 0.59 (0.42-0.83). Crossover analysis showed fish and bad prosthesis exist multiplication interaction relationship (adjusted OR=0.66, 95%CI: 0.44-0.97) and additional interaction relationship (RERI=-0.81, 95%CI:-1.43--0.19; AP=-0.76, 95%CI:-1.35--0.17; S=0.08, 95%CI: 0.01-0.98); pickled food and bad prosthesis exist multiplication interaction relationship (adjusted OR=1.63, 95%CI: 1.06-2.51) and addition interaction relationship (RERI=0.65, 95%CI:0.08-1.22; AP=0.36, 95%CI:0.10-0.62; S=5.19, 95%CI:1.32-54.49).@*Conclusion@#Reducing the consumption of pickled food, quitting smoking and limiting alcohol consumption, and regularly eating fish and seafood can prevent the occurrence of OSCC.
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Objective@#To evaluate the influence of oral hygiene on risk of oral cancer in non-smoking and non-drinking women.@*Methods@#From September 2010 to February 2016, 242 non-smoking and non-drinking female patients with pathologically confirmed oral cancer were recruited in a hospital of Fuzhou, and another 856 non-smoking and non-drinking healthy women from health examination center in the same hospital were selected as control group. Five oral hygiene related variables including the frequency of teeth brushing, number of teeth lost, poor prosthesis, regular dental visits and recurrent dental ulceration were used to develop oral hygiene index model. Unconditional logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was used to evaluate the predictability of the oral hygiene index model. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between oral hygiene index and the incidence of oral cancer.@*Results@#Teeth brushing <2 twice daily, teeth lost ≥5, poor prosthesis, no regular dental visits, recurrent dental ulceration were risk factors for the incidence of oral cancer in non-smoking and non-drinking women, the corresponding OR (95%CI) were 1.50 (1.08-2.09), 1.81 (1.15-2.85), 1.51 (1.03-2.23), 1.73 (1.15-2.59), 7.30 (4.00-13.30), respectively. The AUROC of the oral hygiene index model was 0.705 9, indicating a high predictability. Multivariate logistic regression showed that the oral hygiene index was associated with risk of oral cancer. The higher the score, the higher risk was observed. The corresponding OR (95%CI) of oral hygiene index scores (score 1, score 2, score 3, score 4-5) were 2.51 (0.84-7.53), 4.68 (1.59-13.71), 6.47 (2.18-19.25), 15.29 (5.08-45.99), respectively.@*Conclusion@#Oral hygiene could influence the incidence of oral cancer in non-smoking and non-drinking women, and oral hygiene index has a certain significance in assessing the combined effects of oral hygiene.
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Objective To investigate the detection of monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1),macrophage stimulating protein (MSP) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in differential diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis and lung cancer.Methods Thirty four patients with pulmonary tuberculosis,45 patients with pathologically confirmed lung cancer admitted in Quzhou People' s Hospital during December 2009 and December 2011,and 30 healthy controls were enrolled in the study.MCP-1 and MSP in serum and pleural effusion were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),and CEA was detected by chemiluminescence method.Receiver operating characteristic method was used to determine the cut-off values of MCP-1,MSP and CEA in diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis or lung cancer.Results Serum MCP-1,MSP and CEA levels in pulmonary tuberculosis patients and lung cancer patients were higher than those in healthy controls.Compared with lung cancer patients,patients with pulmonary tuberculosis had higher serum MCP-1 and lower CEA levels (t =2.69 and 0.89,P ＜ 0.05),but there was no significant difference in serum MSP levels between two groups (t =2.89,P ＞ 0.05).While in pleural effusion,patients with pulmonary tuberculosis had higher MCP-1 level (t =3.54,P ＜ 0.05),lower MSP and CEA levels than those with lung cancer (t =3.47 and 3.48,P ＜ 0.05).Serum MCP-1 level was of the highest specificity (95.6％) with the cut-off value of 240 pg/mL in diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis,while MSP level in pleural effusion was of the highest specificity (94.1％) with the cut-off value of 1100 pg/mL in diagnosis of lung cancer.Conclusion Detection of MCP-1,MSP and CEA in serum and pleural effusion can be used for the differential diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis and lung cancer.
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Objective To evaluate the short-term efficacy of lamivudine versus entecavir for patients with HBeAg-negative acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) with different pretreatment liver failure degrees.MethodsA total of patients with HBeAg-negative ACLF were enrolled into this retrospective study.Seventy-two cases were treated with lamivudine 100 mg daily,while 93 cases were treated with entecavir 0.5 mg daily.Biochemical items,model for end-stage liver disease (MELD)score,hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA level and mortality were observed.The efficacies of the two drugs were analyzed in patients with different degrees of liver failure.The comparison of rates was done using chi-square test and the measurement data were compared by t test.ResultsAmong the patients with pretreatment MELD scores above 30,the post-treatment HBV DNA levels in lamivudine group and entecavir group were (3.6 ± 1.1) lg copy/mL and (3.7 ± 1.4) lg copy/mL,respectively (t=0.181,P=0.859) and the mortalities were 92.0％ and 91.8％,respectively (χ2 =0.002,P=0.680).For the patients with pretreatment MELD scores from 23 to 30,the post-treatment HBV DNA levels in two groups were (3.2± 1.1) lg copy/mL and (3.2±2.3) lg copy/mL,respectively (t=0.760,P=0.455) and the mortalities were 42.9％,54.1％,respectively (χ2 =0.799,P=0.455).In patients with pretreatment MELD scores below 23,the post-treatment HBV DNA levels in two groups were (3.1±1.0) lg copy/mL and (2.8±1.5) lg copy/mL,respectively (t=-0.740,P=0.464) and the mortalities were 3/19 and 6.3％,respectively (χ2=1.227,P=0.455).In lamivudine group,the mortalities were significantly different among patients with three different ranges of pretreatment MELD scores (χ2 =26.967,P =0.000).The similar differences were also found in entecavir group (χ2 =41.260,P=0.000).ConclusionsAmong treatment na?ve patients with HBeAg-negative ACLF,the short-term efficacy of lamivudine versus entecavir is equal if the degree of pretreatment liver failure is similar.Meanwhile,the degrees of pretreatment liver failure significantly affects the outcome of the treatment.
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Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of lamivudine in preventing liver damages and HBV DNA reactivation in anti-HBc positive lymphoma patients after chemotherapy.Methods Seventy-nine lymphoma patients who were negative in HBsAg and positive in anti-HBc were enrolled and were divided into lamivudine group (n=37) and control group (n=42).Both groups received chemotherapy.Liver damages and HBV reactivation were observed, and the data were analyzed with software SPSS 13.0.Results In lamivudine group, liver damages Ⅰ or Ⅱ was observed in 11 patients (11/37, 29.7%), and liver damages Ⅲ or Ⅳ was observed in 2 (2/37, 5.4%); two patients (2/37, 5.4%) developed HBV reactivation, and both of them had HBV YMDD mutations.In control group, 19 (19/42, 45.2%) patients experienced liver damages Ⅰ or Ⅱ, 7 (7/42, 16.7%) experienced liver damages Ⅲ or Ⅳ; 12 (12/42, 28.6%) patients experienced HBV reactivation, the differences between the two groups were of statistical significance (χ2=79.0, 8.7 and 79.0, P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Lamivudine can reduce liver damages and HBV reactivation in HBsAg negative and anti-HBc positive patients with lymphoma during chemotherapy.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the changes in the expression of T-cell death-associated gene 8(TD- AG8) in spinal cord in rats with bone cancer pain.MethodsTwo hundred and twenty-four female rats weighting 150-180 g were randomly divided into 3 groups:normal control group(group Ⅰ,n ＝ 64),normal saline group (group Ⅱ,n ＝ 64),bone cancer pain group(group Ⅲ],n ＝ 96).Bone cancer pain was induced by inoculating Walker256 mammary gland carcinoma cells into the tibia medullary cavity.Mechanical withdrawl threshold(MWT)was measured at 1 d before(baseline)and 1,3,6,9,12,15 and 18 d after inoculation.Sixteen rats were sacrificed at 1 day before(baseline)and 6,9,12,15 and 18 d after inoculation in group Ⅲ and 18 d after inoculation in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ.The L4-6 spinal cord were removed,and the number of TDAG8 positive cell was counted,and the expression of TDAG8 mRNA was measured by RT-PCR.ResultsCompared with baseline value and group Ⅰ,MWT was decreased,and the number of TDAG8 positive cells and the expression of TDAG8 mRNA in spinal cord were increased at 6-18 d after inoculation in group Ⅲ ( P < 0.01 ).ConclusionThe expression of TDAG8 in spinal cord is up-regulated in rats with bone cancer pain,which may be involved in the mechanism of the development of bone cancer pain.
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OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the value of the endoscopy in the operation of microvascular decompression (MVD) for the hemifacial spasm by approach of postauricular suboccipital to the cerebellopontine angle (CPA) with posterior auricular small incision.@*METHOD@#Two hundred and eighty-six cases of hemifacial spasm had received the operation of MVD with endoscopy by approach of postauricular suboccipital to the CPA.@*RESULT@#Responsible blood vessels were found in 285 cases (99.7 percent), including 264 cases of anterior inferior cerebellar artery, 21 cases of basilar artery. The root entry zone of the facial nerve were completely decompressed with Teflon. There is no responsible blood vessels but adhesion in 1 cases (0.3 percent). After surgery, hemifacial spasm immediately disappeared. House-Brackmann(1985) grading system was used to evaluated the recovery of facial nerve function. After 1 week of operation 196 cases' facial nerve function are stage 1/6, 62 cases' are stage 2/6, 23 cases' are stage 3/6, 4 cases' are stage 4/6, 1 cases' is stage 5/6. And after Six months of operation, 274 cases' are stage 1/6, 10 cases' are stage 2/6, 2 cases' are stage 3/6. After 1 month of operation there is no significant change of hearing in 238,there are 35 cases of hearing loss less than 20 dB, 10 cases of hearing loss more than 20 dB, but less than 50 dB,3 cases of hearing loss more than 50 dB. Ear-nose cerebrospinal fluid leakage occurred in 2 cases are cured. During 1 year to 4 years following-up, only 3 (1.0 percent) preliminary suffered relapse,among which 1 case was cured by the secondary operation. The long term cure rate was 99.3 percent without occurrence of serious complications such as death.@*CONCLUSION@#The microneurosurgery of MVD for the treatment of hemifacial spasm is an ideally functional and etiotropic operation. It is useful not only to discover the responsible blood vessels which are regarded as those pressing the root entry zone of facial nerve,but also to protect the function of the brain tissue and nerves as well. It is a safe, minimally invasive and efficient operation. To avoid the complications, enough knowledge of the craniotopography and skilled technique of endoscopic operation are primary.